{"product_id":"2940012370129","title":"The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume 15: Tournely-Zwirner","description":"Papal legate to India and China, cardinal, born of a noble\u003cbr\u003e          Savoyard family at Turin, 21 December, 1668; died in confinement\u003cbr\u003e          at Macao, 8 June, 1710. After graduating in canon and civil law\u003cbr\u003e          he went to Rome where he gained the esteem of Clement XI, who on\u003cbr\u003e          5 December, 1701, appointed him legate a latere to India and\u003cbr\u003e          China. The purpose of this legation was: to establish harmony\u003cbr\u003e          among the missionaries there; to provide for the needs of these\u003cbr\u003e          extensive missions; to report to the Holy See on the general\u003cbr\u003e          state of the missions, and the labours of the missionaries; and,\u003cbr\u003e          finally, to enforce the decision of the Holy Office against the\u003cbr\u003e          further toleration of the so-called Chinese rites among the\u003cbr\u003e          native Christians. These rites consisted chiefly in offering\u003cbr\u003e          sacrifices to Confucius and the ancestors, and in using the\u003cbr\u003e          Chinese names tien (heaven) and xang ti (supreme emperor) for\u003cbr\u003e          the God of the Christians. On 27 December, 1701, the pope\u003cbr\u003e          consecrated Tournon bishop in the Vatican Basilica, with the\u003cbr\u003e          title of Patriarch of Antioch.","brand":"New Century Books","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47068409921776,"sku":"2940012370129","price":0.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0737\/7593\/9824\/files\/2940012370129_p0.jpg?v=1763568126","url":"https:\/\/shop-qa.barnesandnoble.com\/products\/2940012370129","provider":"Barnes \u0026 Noble (DEV)","version":"1.0","type":"link"}