{"product_id":"2940013726574","title":"Wood-carving [Illustrated]","description":"This edition features\u003cbr\u003e • illustrations\u003cbr\u003e • a linked Table of Contents and linked Index\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCONTENTS \u003cbr\u003ePREAMBLE\u003cbr\u003eStudent and Apprentice, their Aims and Conditions of Work — Necessity for Some Equality between Theory and Practise — The Student's Opportunity lies on the Side of Design\u003cbr\u003eTOOLS\u003cbr\u003eAverage Number of Tools required by Carvers — Selection for Beginners — Description of Tools — Position when in Use — Acquisition by Degrees \u003cbr\u003eSHARPENING-STONES — MALLET AND BENCH\u003cbr\u003eDifferent Stones in Use — Case for Stones — Slips — Round Mallet Best — A Home-Made Bench — A Makeshift Bench — Cramps and Clips\u003cbr\u003eWOODS USED FOR CARVING\u003cbr\u003eHard Wood and Soft Wood — Closeness of Grain Desirable — Advantages of Pine and English Oak\u003cbr\u003eSHARPENING THE TOOLS\u003cbr\u003eThe Proper Bevel — Position of Tools on Oilstone — Good and Bad Edge — Stropping — Paste and Leather — Careless Sharpening — Rubbing Out the Inside — Stropping Fine Tools — Importance of Sharp Tools\u003cbr\u003e\"CHIP\" CARVING\u003cbr\u003eIts Savage Origin — A Clue to its only Claim to Artistic Importance — Monotony better than Variety — An Exercise in Patience and Precision — Technical Methods\u003cbr\u003eTHE GRAIN OF THE WOOD\u003cbr\u003eObstinacy of the Woody Fiber — First Exercise in Grounding — Description of Method — Cutting the Miters — Handling of Tools, Danger of Carelessness — Importance of Clean Cutting\u003cbr\u003eIMITATION OF NATURAL FORMS\u003cbr\u003eDifficulties of Selection and Arrangement — Limits of an Imitative Treatment — Light and Distance Factors in the Arrangement of a Design — Economy of Detail Necessary — The Word \"Conventional\"\u003cbr\u003eROUNDED FORMS\u003cbr\u003eNecessity for every Carver Making his own Designs — Method of Carving Rounded Forms on a Sunk Ground\u003cbr\u003eTHE PATTERNED BACKGROUND\u003cbr\u003eImportance of Formal Pattern as an Aid to Visibility — Pattern and Free Rendering Compared — First Impressions Lasting — Medieval Choice of Natural Forms Governed by a Question of Pattern\u003cbr\u003eCONTOURS OF SURFACE\u003cbr\u003eAdaptation of Old Designs to Modern Purposes — \"Throwing About\" — Critical Inspection of Work from a Distance as it Proceeds\u003cbr\u003eORIGINALITY\u003cbr\u003eDangers of Imposing Words — Novelty more Common than Originality — An Unwholesome Kind of \"Originality\"\u003cbr\u003ePIERCED PATTERNS\u003cbr\u003eExercise in Background Pattern — Care as to Stability — Drilling and Sawing out the Spaces — Some Uses for Pierced Patterns\u003cbr\u003eHARDWOOD CARVING\u003cbr\u003eCarvings can not be Independent Ornaments — Carving Impossible on Commercial Productions — The Amateur Joiner — Corner Cupboards — Introduction of Foliage Definite in Form, and Simple in Character — Methods of Carving Grapes\u003cbr\u003eTHE SKETCH-BOOK\u003cbr\u003eOld Work Best Seen in its Original Place — Museums to be approached with Caution. — Methodical Memoranda — Some Examples — Assimilation of Ideas Better than Making Exact Copies\u003cbr\u003eMUSEUMS\u003cbr\u003eFalse Impressions Fostered by Fragmentary Exhibits — Environment as Important as Handicraft — Works Viewed as Records of Character — Carvers the Historians of their Time\u003cbr\u003eSTUDIES FROM NATURE — FOLIAGE\u003cbr\u003eMedieval and Modern Choice of Form Compared — A Compromise Adopted — A List of Plant Forms of Adaptable Character\u003cbr\u003eCARVING ON FURNITURE\u003cbr\u003eFurniture Constructed with a View to Carving — Reciprocal Aims of Joiner and Carver — Smoothness Desirable where Carving is Handled — The Introduction of Animals or Figures\u003cbr\u003eTHE GROTESQUE IN CARVING\u003cbr\u003eMisproportion Not Essential to the Expression of Humor — The Sham Grotesque Contemptible — A True Sense of Humor Helpful to the Carver\u003cbr\u003eSTUDIES FROM NATURE — BIRDS AND BEASTS\u003cbr\u003eThe Introduction of Animal Forms — Rude Vitality better than Dull \"Natural History\" — \"Action\" — Difficulties of the Study for Town-Bred Students — The Aid of Books and Photographs — Outline Drawing and Suggestion of Main Masses — Sketch-Book Studies, Sections, and Notes — Swiss Animal Carving — The Clay Model: its Use and Abuse\u003cbr\u003eFORESHORTENING AS APPLIED TO WORK IN RELIEF\u003cbr\u003eIntelligible Background Outline Better than Confused Foreshortening — Superposition of Masses\u003cbr\u003eUNDERCUTTING AND \"BUILT-UP\" WORK\u003cbr\u003eUndercutting as a Means and as an End; its Use and Abuse — \"Built-up\" Work — \"Planted\" Work — \"Pierced\" Work\u003cbr\u003ePICTURE SUBJECTS AND PERSPECTIVE\u003cbr\u003eThe Limitations of an Art not Safely Transgressed — Aerial Perspective Impossible in Relief — Linear Perspective only Possible in a Limited Way","brand":"VolumesOfValue","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47145979805936,"sku":"2940013726574","price":3.69,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0737\/7593\/9824\/files\/2940013726574_p0.jpg?v=1763584442","url":"https:\/\/shop-qa.barnesandnoble.com\/products\/2940013726574","provider":"Barnes \u0026 Noble (DEV)","version":"1.0","type":"link"}