{"product_id":"2940015830569","title":"Henry The Second","description":"CONTENTS\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCHAPTER I\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHENRY PLANTAGENET\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCHAPTER II\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTHE ANGEVIN EMPIRE\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCHAPTER III\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTHE GOVERNMENT OF ENGLAND\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCHAPTER IV\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTHE FIRST REFORMS\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCHAPTER V\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTHE CONSTITUTIONS OF CLARENDON\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCHAPTER VI\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTHE ASSIZE OF CLARENDON\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCHAPTER VII\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTHE STRIFE WITH THE CHURCH\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCHAPTER VIII\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTHE CONQUEST OF IRELAND\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCHAPTER IX\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eREVOLT OF THE BARONAGE\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCHAPTER X\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTHE COURT OF HENRY\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCHAPTER XI\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTHE DEATH OF HENRY\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCHAPTER I\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHENRY PLANTAGENET\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe history of the English people would have been a great and a noble\u003cbr\u003ehistory whatever king had ruled over the land seven hundred years ago.\u003cbr\u003eBut the history as we know it, and the mode of government which has\u003cbr\u003eactually grown up among us is in fact due to the genius of the great king\u003cbr\u003eby whose will England was guided from 1154 to 1189. He was a foreign king\u003cbr\u003ewho never spoke the English tongue, who lived and moved for the most part\u003cbr\u003ein a foreign camp, surrounded with a motley host of Brabançons and\u003cbr\u003ehirelings; and who in intervals snatched from foreign wars hurried for a\u003cbr\u003efew months to his island-kingdom to carry out a policy which took little\u003cbr\u003eheed of the great moral forces that were at work among the people. It was\u003cbr\u003eunder the rule of a foreigner such as this, however, that the races of\u003cbr\u003econquerors and conquered in England first learnt to feel that they were\u003cbr\u003eone. It was by his power that England, Scotland, and Ireland were\u003cbr\u003ebrought to some vague acknowledgment of a common suzerain lord, and the\u003cbr\u003efoundations laid of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. It\u003cbr\u003ewas he who abolished feudalism as a system of government, and left it\u003cbr\u003elittle more than a system of land-tenure. It was he who defined the\u003cbr\u003erelations established between Church and State, and decreed that in\u003cbr\u003eEngland churchman as well as baron was to be held under the Common law. It\u003cbr\u003ewas he who preserved the traditions of self-government which had been\u003cbr\u003ehanded down in borough and shire-moot from the earliest times of English\u003cbr\u003ehistory. His reforms established the judicial system whose main outlines\u003cbr\u003ehave been preserved to our own day. It was through his \"Constitutions\"\u003cbr\u003eand his \"Assizes\" that it came to pass that over all the world the\u003cbr\u003eEnglish-speaking races are governed by English and not by Roman law. It\u003cbr\u003ewas by his genius for government that the servants of the royal household\u003cbr\u003ebecame transformed into Ministers of State. It was he who gave England a\u003cbr\u003eforeign policy which decided our continental relations for seven hundred\u003cbr\u003eyears. The impress which the personality of Henry II. left upon his time\u003cbr\u003emeets us wherever we turn. The more clearly we understand his work, the\u003cbr\u003emore enduring does his influence display itself even upon the political\u003cbr\u003econflicts and political action of our own days.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFor seventy years three Norman kings had held England in subjection\u003cbr\u003eWilliam the Conqueror, using his double position as conqueror and king,\u003cbr\u003ehad established a royal authority unknown in any other feudal country\u003cbr\u003eWilliam Rufus, poorer than his father when the hoard captured at\u003cbr\u003eWinchester and the plunder of the Conquest were spent, and urged alike\u003cbr\u003eby his necessities and his greed, laid the foundation of an organized\u003cbr\u003esystem of finance. Henry I., after his overthrow of the baronage, found\u003cbr\u003ehis absolute power only limited by the fact that there was no machinery\u003cbr\u003esufficient to put in exercise his boundless personal power; and for its\u003cbr\u003esupport he built up his wonderful administrative system. There no longer\u003cbr\u003eexisted any constitutional check on the royal authority. The Great\u003cbr\u003eCouncil still survived as the relic and heir both of the English\u003cbr\u003eWitenagemot and the Norman Feudal Court. But in matters of State its\u003cbr\u003e\"counsel\" was scarcely asked or given; its \"consent\" was yielded as a\u003cbr\u003emere matter of form; no discussion or hesitation interrupted the formal\u003cbr\u003eand pompous display of final submission to the royal will. The Church\u003cbr\u003eunder its Norman bishops, foreign officials trained in the King's\u003cbr\u003echapel, was no longer a united national force, as it had been in the\u003cbr\u003etime of the Saxon kings. The mass of the people was of no account in\u003cbr\u003epolitics. The trading class scarcely as yet existed. The villeins tied\u003cbr\u003eto the soil of the manor on which they had been born, and shut out from\u003cbr\u003eall courts save those of their lord; inhabitants of the little hamlets\u003cbr\u003ethat lay along the river-courses in clearings among dense woods,\u003cbr\u003esuspicious of strangers, isolated by an intense jealousy of all that lay\u003cbr\u003ebeyond their own boundaries or by traditional feuds, had no part in the\u003cbr\u003epolitical life of the nation.","brand":"SAP","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47121339220208,"sku":"2940015830569","price":0.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/shop-qa.barnesandnoble.com\/products\/2940015830569","provider":"Barnes \u0026 Noble (DEV)","version":"1.0","type":"link"}