{"product_id":"2940045082112","title":"A Simple Guide to Sleep Disorders","description":"\u003cp\u003eSleep is something which every one of us need.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIt helps to rest the mind and allows the body to rest and rejuvenate itself.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSleep is described as a state of consciousness or dynamic activity which gives the body time to rest and build up strength while the brains continue to work.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSleep has four phases.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDuring the first stage N1, sleep is light and a person can be easily awakened.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAt this stage, the muscle activity and eyes move very slowly.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAlpha waves of 8-13 Hz (awake stage) begin to change to the theta waves of 4-7 Hz on the EEG.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eOften when a person is awakened, sudden muscle contractions occur as if you are falling off the bed.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAt stage 2 or N2, eye movements stop and brain waves become slower with intermittent burst of rapid waves known as “sleep spindles”.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMuscle activity as measured by EMG decreases, and conscious awareness of the external environment disappears.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis stage occupies 45–55% of total sleep in adults.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn stage 3 or N3, delta waves of 0.5 to 2 Hz start to appear.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThese are extremely slow brain waves interspersed with smaller, faster waves.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThey can be described as slow wave type of sleep.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSleep at stages 3 is considered deep sleep where there is no more eye movement or muscle activity.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIt is difficult to wake up some one who is in stage 3.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePeople who are awakened during deep sleep experience temporary disorientation.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIt is also during deep sleep stage that children experience bedwetting, night terrors, or sleepwalking.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eREM sleep is the last stage where breathing becomes faster, shallow and irregular.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe eyes jerk rapidly in different directions with the limb muscles getting paralyzed for a short period of time.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDuring this stage, the heart rate increases, blood pressure rises, and penile erections occur among men.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDreams are experienced during REM sleep stage.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThese stages repeat in a cycle.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eA complete sleep cycle takes about 90 to 110 minutes on average.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe first sleep cycle each night is characterized by short REM periods and long periods of deep sleep.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eBut as the night goes by, REM sleep periods become longer while deep sleep periods get shorter.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn the morning, people spend their sleep time in stages 1, 2, and REM sleep stages.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAccording to research, people spend 50% of their sleep time in stage 2 sleep, about 20% in REM sleep, and 30% in other sleep stages.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn comparison, infants spend half of their sleep time in REM sleep.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSleep and being awake are affected by different neurotransmitter signals in the brain.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eWhen food and medicine change the balance of these signals, a person begins to feel alert or sluggish.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIt also affects the way a person sleeps.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCoffee and other caffeinated drinks as well as weight loss diet pills can cause insomnia by stimulating some parts of the brain.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eOthers resort to alcohol which only leads to light sleep, but deprive them of REM and deeper, more restorative stages of sleep.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eResearchers at the Warwick and London have found that insufficient sleep can more than double the risk of death from cardiovascular disease but also that too much sleep can also be associated with a doubling of the risk of death, though not from cardiovascular disease\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTABLE OF CONTENT\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 1\u003cbr\u003eSleep\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 2\u003cbr\u003eInsomnia\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 3\u003cbr\u003eObstructive Sleep Apnea\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eChapter 4\u003cbr\u003eSnoring\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Kenneth Kee","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47164555690224,"sku":"2940045082112","price":2.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0737\/7593\/9824\/files\/2940045082112_p0.jpg?v=1769890077","url":"https:\/\/shop-qa.barnesandnoble.com\/products\/2940045082112","provider":"Barnes \u0026 Noble (DEV)","version":"1.0","type":"link"}