{"product_id":"2940148187387","title":"The Counterrevolutionary Vision of Antonio Aparisi y Guijarro","description":"The Napoleonic occupation of Spain marked the beginning of a critical division in Spanish political life that would last for more than a century. During the years 1801 to 1814, Spanish intellectuals, excited by the ideas of the Enlightenment and the French Revolution, tried to reorganize governmental institutions along liberal lines. In the southern seaport of Cadiz, where the Spanish government had taken refuge, they imposed the Constitution of 1812 on a small but vocal royalist minority and an underrepresented, generally conservative population. Although not breaking with the monarchy or the Catholic Church, the Constitution of Cadiz curtailed the power of each by depositing the sovereignty of the nation in a new type of parliament no longer based on estates and by abolishing most regional autonomy. And although it did not survive the war, the 1812 constitution was a precursor to future liberal constitutions and laws that would dispossess the church and municipalities, declare universal suffrage and personal liberties, and dethrone the Bourbon house.","brand":"The World \u0026 I Online","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47108796121328,"sku":"2940148187387","price":0.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0737\/7593\/9824\/files\/2940148187387_p0.jpg?v=1763698348","url":"https:\/\/shop-qa.barnesandnoble.com\/products\/2940148187387","provider":"Barnes \u0026 Noble (DEV)","version":"1.0","type":"link"}