{"product_id":"2940148404033","title":"Leptospirosis in Febrile Patients: Diagnosis by Serology and Polymerase Chain Reaction","description":"Introduction: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease found in all tropical and temperate areas of\u003cbr\u003ethe world. Humans contract leptospira through mucosal or percutaneous exposure to\u003cbr\u003eenvironments contaminated by the urine of chronically infected animal sources mainly rodents,\u003cbr\u003edogs, pigs and cattle.\u003cbr\u003eObjectives: It is known that IgM ELISA is used widely to diagnose leptospirosis in acute stage\u003cbr\u003eof illness.\u003cbr\u003eOur aim is to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a molecular technique like PCR in\u003cbr\u003ereference to the serological test Pan Bio, IgM ELISA, and its usefulness as a diagnostic test in\u003cbr\u003ethe diagnosis of leptospirosis.\u003cbr\u003eMethods: The patients included 85 males and 15 females, age 2yrs–78 yrs, (median age,\u003cbr\u003e40yrs). Common presenting symptoms were Fever, myalgia, jaundice, nausea and vomiting,\u003cbr\u003eoliguria and acute renal failure. Blood samples were drawn during the acute phase of illness, \u003cbr\u003e7.5 mean days from the onset of symptoms. All the samples were tested for IgM antibody by\u003cbr\u003eELISA and for Leptospira DNA by PCR. Detection of antibody done by Pan Bio Leptospira\u003cbr\u003eIgM ELISA. Detection of DNA by PCR: Extraction of DNA: was performed using the\u003cbr\u003eQIAGEN mini kit. Amplification of DNA: Primers used to amplify a 631 base-pair (bp)\u003cbr\u003e5'-region of 16S rDNA of pathogenic leptospira, Detection of DNA: by Agarose gel\u003cbr\u003eelectrophoresis\u003cbr\u003eResults: All 100 samples were tested by both ELISA and PCR. 35 samples (35%) were\u003cbr\u003epositive for the presence of IgM antibodies by ELISA. PCR demonstrated DNA in 34 of the\u003cbr\u003esamples. A total of 28 samples were positive by both ELISA and PCR. The PCR demonstrated\u003cbr\u003ea sensitivity of 80 % and specificity of 90%.\u003cbr\u003eConclusions: PCR is a sensitive and specific technique which can detect the presence of DNA\u003cbr\u003ein the very early stage of the disease; Results of PCR can give us a presumptive diagnosis of\u003cbr\u003eleptospirosis in early phase of illness (1-7days) compared to Pan Bio IgM ELISA. Hence PCR\u003cbr\u003etogether with IgM ELISA can be used to confirm the diagnosis, in the acute stage (1-15days) of\u003cbr\u003ethe infection.","brand":"ReadCycle","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47084219367664,"sku":"2940148404033","price":2.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0737\/7593\/9824\/files\/2940148404033_p0.jpg?v=1763702536","url":"https:\/\/shop-qa.barnesandnoble.com\/products\/2940148404033","provider":"Barnes \u0026 Noble (DEV)","version":"1.0","type":"link"}