{"product_id":"2940148404392","title":"A Preliminary Study on the Effects of Hyperosmotic Stress on Plasma Levels of Thyroid Hormones in Male Catfish, Clarias gariepinus","description":"Male air-breathing catfish, Clarias gariepinus were exposed to hyperosmolar mannitol\u003cbr\u003esolution (250 mM) to determine its effect on the plasma levels of thyroxine (T4) and\u003cbr\u003etriiodothyronine (T3) during the winter, spring, summer and autumn seasons. During the\u003cbr\u003ewinter season, hyperosmolar mannitol solution significantly increased the plasma levels of T4\u003cbr\u003ethroughout the duration of exposure, whereas the plasma T3 levels significantly increased\u003cbr\u003eonly at 12-48 h. During the spring season, significant decreases in the plasma levels of T4\u003cbr\u003ewere observed only at 12 and 48 h, and significant increases in the plasma levels of T3 were\u003cbr\u003eobserved only at 6-24 h. During the summer season, the plasma levels of T4 significantly\u003cbr\u003eincreased at 6 h and decreased at 24-48 h, while the plasma levels of T3 significantly\u003cbr\u003eincreased only at 6 and 24 h. During the autumn season, the plasma levels of T4 significantly\u003cbr\u003eincreased at 6, 12 and 48 h and the plasma levels of T3 significantly decreased at 6, 24 and 48\u003cbr\u003eh. These results indicate the season-dependent and differential effects of the hyperosmolar\u003cbr\u003emannitol solution on the plasma levels of thyroid hormones in Clarias gariepinus.","brand":"ReadCycle","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47084154421488,"sku":"2940148404392","price":2.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0737\/7593\/9824\/files\/2940148404392_p0.jpg?v=1763702348","url":"https:\/\/shop-qa.barnesandnoble.com\/products\/2940148404392","provider":"Barnes \u0026 Noble (DEV)","version":"1.0","type":"link"}