{"product_id":"2940149011063","title":"City Services and the Justice System: Do Korean American Storeowners in Baltimore, Maryland Get Equal Treatment?","description":"Since the 1970s, many Korean immigrants to the United States have chosen small-business ownership as a livelihood and path to mobility, and have purchased or started corner groceries, convenience stores, liquor stores, dry cleaners, and other small enterprises in large U.S. cities. Seeking low rents, the storeowners found a niche in inner-city neighborhoods shunned by large retailers as too poor to be profitable and abandoned by earlier generations of mainly white merchants fleeing the urban core. \u003cbr\u003eIn the process, Korean Americans, some of them new immigrants, most of them residents of the suburbs, became property owners and retailers both serving and profiting from a customer base made up mainly of racial minorities in impoverished city neighborhoods. \u003cbr\u003eDuring the mid-1990s a series of events in Baltimore, Maryland, sharpened existing tensions between African American residents and Korean American storeowners in the city (see chapter 3). Efforts by churches and city agencies to bring the two communities together and air the issues that divide them met with limited success. The tensions peaked in January 1997 when a spate of robberies and shootings in Korean-owned businesses killed two grocers and wounded another, raising fears in the Korean American community of racial targeting.","brand":"ReadCycle","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47084467814640,"sku":"2940149011063","price":2.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0737\/7593\/9824\/files\/2940149011063_p0.jpg?v=1763710942","url":"https:\/\/shop-qa.barnesandnoble.com\/products\/2940149011063","provider":"Barnes \u0026 Noble (DEV)","version":"1.0","type":"link"}