{"product_id":"2940153841885","title":"HyperUricemia (Gout), A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions","description":"\u003cp\u003eHyperuricemia (Gout) is a medical disorder caused by the excessive uric acid in the blood.\u003cbr\u003eGouty arthritis is an arthritis which resulted from deposits of needle like crystals in the joint spaces.\u003cbr\u003eThe prickling effect of these needles induces sudden episodes of pain, tenderness, redness, warmth and swelling of the joints.\u003cbr\u003eIt is the most common form of arthritis in men over the age of 40.\u003cbr\u003eWomen are normally protected from gout until after menopause.\u003cbr\u003eUric acid is normally harmless and is produced in the body.\u003cbr\u003eMost uric acid is passed out with the urine and some from the intestines with the feces (stools).\u003cbr\u003eIn people with gout the amount of uric acid in the blood goes up.\u003cbr\u003eFrom time to time the level may become too high and tiny grit-like crystals of uric acid may form.\u003cbr\u003eThe crystals prick the tissues in the joint to cause inflammation, swelling and pain - a gout attack.\u003cbr\u003eAcute gout is a painful condition that often affects only one joint.\u003cbr\u003eChronic gout is the repeated episodes of inflammation and pain.\u003cbr\u003eMore than one joint may be involved\u003cbr\u003eDeposits can also form in the kidney and urinary tract as urate stones or crystals.\u003cbr\u003eUrate crystals (tophi) are also deposited in the skin, mostly frequently at the joints and earlobe.\u003cbr\u003eGout is usually diagnosed if the patient has the typical gout symptoms and a raised blood level of uric acid.\u003cbr\u003eNot everyone with high uric acid levels in the blood has gout.\u003cbr\u003eBlood uric acid is raised above 7 mg\/dL (high).\u003cbr\u003eTypical features of gouty arthritis with warm red swollen and painful joint especially in locations such the big toe, ankle or knee\u003cbr\u003ea. Synovial fluid analysis (shows uric acid crystals)\u003cbr\u003eIf there is doubt as to the source of the pain and swelling, the doctor may aspirate some fluid out of a swollen joint.\u003cbr\u003eCrystals of uric acid (urate) can be seen in the fluid to confirm the diagnosis of gout.\u003cbr\u003eTreatment of the acute gouty arthritis is:\u003cbr\u003e1. Rest the joint\u003cbr\u003e2. Drinks lots of water (e.g. 3 glasses of water) immediately during an acute attack.\u003cbr\u003e3. If the patient is able to, raise the affected limb (normally a leg) to help decrease the swelling.\u003cbr\u003eThe easiest way to raise the leg is to recline on a sofa with the leg up on a cushion.\u003cbr\u003eIf the big toe is affected, raise it above the heart level to help the blood flow.\u003cbr\u003e4. An ice pack placed against the inflamed joint may reduce the pain until the gout treatment medicines (below) start to act:\u003cbr\u003eThe guidelines advise colchicines and NSAIDs as the first-line option for acute gout.\u003cbr\u003eNSAIDs are the first-line treatment\u003cbr\u003eColchicine helps reduce pain, swelling, and inflammation.\u003cbr\u003eProbenecid lowers the uric acid through gradual excretion of uric acid in the urine.\u003cbr\u003eCanakinumab is a recombinant monoclonal antibody active as a restrictor of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1 if colchicines and NSAIDs do not work.\u003cbr\u003eSteroid tablets or injections can also decrease the inflammation and pain.\u003cbr\u003eThe central role recently identified for pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1 has led to the production of inhibitors such as anakinra, canakinumab and rilonacept.\u003cbr\u003eIt is very important to drink at least 8 glasses of water daily to help flush out the uric acid.\u003cbr\u003ePrevention can be with the use of Allopurinolol, probenecid and Febuxostat.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTABLE OF CONTENT\u003cbr\u003eIntroduction\u003cbr\u003eChapter 1 Hyper Uricemia\u003cbr\u003eChapter 2 Causes\u003cbr\u003eChapter 3 Symptoms\u003cbr\u003eChapter 4 Diagnosis\u003cbr\u003eChapter 5 Treatment\u003cbr\u003eChapter 6 Prognosis\u003cbr\u003eChapter 7 Osteoarthritis\u003cbr\u003eChapter 8 Rheumatoid Arthritis\u003cbr\u003eEpilogue\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Kenneth Kee","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47114008658160,"sku":"2940153841885","price":2.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0737\/7593\/9824\/files\/2940153841885_p0.jpg?v=1764058001","url":"https:\/\/shop-qa.barnesandnoble.com\/products\/2940153841885","provider":"Barnes \u0026 Noble (DEV)","version":"1.0","type":"link"}