{"product_id":"2940154495162","title":"Volvulus, (Twisted Intestines) A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions","description":"\u003cp\u003eVolvulus is the medical disorder for a complete twisting of the bowels around the mesentery attachment site supporting the bowels.\u003cbr\u003eIt is an infrequent disorder that can affect the stomach, small intestine or parts of the large intestine and is mainly observed in infants or children even though certain types may happen in adults.\u003cbr\u003eIt can also result in the obstruction of the blood supply to the whole intestine itself, which can lead to tissue death within the bowel\u003cbr\u003eThe volvulus is when a loop of intestine twists around itself and the mesentery supporting it, leading to a bowel obstruction.\u003cbr\u003eComplete obstruction stops food, chyme and waste from traveling further and induces it to back up in the intestines.\u003cbr\u003eThe twisting also obstructs the bowel wall so that blood vessels may become blocked.\u003cbr\u003eThis may decrease the blood flow through it and reduce the intestinal tissue of oxygen.\u003cbr\u003eUltimately this will result in ischemia, injury linked with decreased blood flow, or persists further to the point that the tissue of the intestinal wall dies and can even become gangrenous.\u003cbr\u003eTypes of Volvulus\u003cbr\u003eNeonatal Volvulus is a result of malrotation during fetal development\u003cbr\u003eSigmoid Volvulus accounts for 8% of all intestinal obstructions, frequent in elderly persons and constipated patients.\u003cbr\u003eCecal Volvulus is connected to the abdominal wall along with the ascending colon due to an anatomic anomaly.\u003cbr\u003eGastric Volvulus is a twisting of the stomach which may involve the cardia (first part of the stomach) or the complete stomach.\u003cbr\u003eIn adults the most often involved segment of the intestines is the sigmoid colon with the cecum being second most involved.\u003cbr\u003eA volvulus tends more likely to happen with an anatomic anomaly even in the absence of any other disease.\u003cbr\u003eA volvulus may start with certain diseases:\u003cbr\u003e1. Hirschsprung disease\u003cbr\u003e2. An enlarged colon (Megacolon)\u003cbr\u003e3. Intestinal pseudo-obstruction\u003cbr\u003e4. Intussusception\u003cbr\u003eVolvulus is most often caused by a birth defect called malrotation\u003cbr\u003eVolvulus produces symptoms by:\u003cbr\u003e1. The extent of bowel obstruction manifested as abdominal distension and bilious vomiting\u003cbr\u003e2. Ischemia (reduced blood flow) to the involved section of the intestinal wall\u003cbr\u003eSigmoid volvulus is the most frequent form of volvulus.\u003cbr\u003ePatients have abdominal pain, distension, and complete constipation\u003cbr\u003eVolvulus happens most often in middle-aged and elderly men.\u003cbr\u003eInfants affected by volvulus have an abrupt start of symptoms the same as those of bowel obstruction.\u003cbr\u003eDiagnosis:\u003cbr\u003e1. Blood tests to assess the electrolytes may show abnormalities.\u003cbr\u003e2. Stool guaiac reveals blood in the stool\u003cbr\u003e3. Barium enema often reveals an abnormal position of the bowel, indicating malrotation.\u003cbr\u003e4. CT scan may show evidence of intestinal obstruction.\u003cbr\u003e5. An upper GI X-ray with small bowel follow-through reveals a malrotated bowel or midgut volvulus.\u003cbr\u003eNon-surgical treatment\u003cbr\u003eThis may be suitable for older patients with intestinal malrotation who are asymptomatic but they should be cautioned that volvulus can happen at any time.\u003cbr\u003eExamination and GI decompression with a nasogastric or orogastric tube should be started.\u003cbr\u003eThe presence of any intestinal obstruction requires instant surgery\u003cbr\u003eThe patient is resuscitated with intravenous isotonic crystalloid solution to correct fluid deficits and hypo-volemia (low blood volume).\u003cbr\u003eSigmoidoscopic de-torsion is effective in more than 90% of patients with sigmoid volvulus, but colonoscopic de-torsion is effective in only 10-15% of patients with cecal volvulus.\u003cbr\u003e1. Ladd's procedure is the treatment of preference in most patients\u003cbr\u003eIt can be done with open surgery or as a laparoscopic procedure.\u003cbr\u003e2. Sigmoid Colectomy and Hartmann Procedure for Sigmoid Volvulus\u003cbr\u003e3. Right Hemicolectomy for Cecal Volvulus\u003cbr\u003eTABLE OF CONTENT\u003cbr\u003eIntroduction\u003cbr\u003eChapter 1 Volvulus\u003cbr\u003eChapter 2 Causes\u003cbr\u003eChapter 3 Symptoms\u003cbr\u003eChapter 4 Diagnosis\u003cbr\u003eChapter 5 Treatment\u003cbr\u003eChapter 6 Prognosis\u003cbr\u003eChapter 7 Intestinal Motility Disorders\u003cbr\u003eChapter 8 Intussusception\u003cbr\u003eEpilogue\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Kenneth Kee","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47114370515184,"sku":"2940154495162","price":2.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0737\/7593\/9824\/files\/2940154495162_p0.jpg?v=1764069050","url":"https:\/\/shop-qa.barnesandnoble.com\/products\/2940154495162","provider":"Barnes \u0026 Noble (DEV)","version":"1.0","type":"link"}