{"product_id":"9780226741093","title":"Parité!: Sexual Equality and the Crisis of French Universalism","description":"France today is in the throes of a crisis about whether to represent social differences within its political system and, if so, how. It is a crisis defined by the rhetoric of a universalism that takes the abstract individual to be the representative not only of citizens but also of the nation. In \u003ci\u003eParité!\u003c\/i\u003e Joan Wallach Scott shows how the requirement for abstraction has led to the exclusion of women from French politics. \u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e During the 1990s, \u003ci\u003ele mouvement pour la parité\u003c\/i\u003e successfully campaigned for women's inclusion in elective office with an argument that is unprecedented in the annals of feminism. The \u003ci\u003eparitaristes\u003c\/i\u003e insisted that if the abstract individual were thought of as sexed, then sexual difference would no longer be a relevant consideration in politics. Scott insists that this argument was neither essentialist nor separatist; it was not about women's special qualities or interests. Instead, \u003ci\u003eparité\u003c\/i\u003e was rigorously universalist—and for that reason was both misunderstood and a source of heated debate.","brand":"University of Chicago Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47080276754672,"sku":"9780226741093","price":34.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0737\/7593\/9824\/files\/9780226741093_p0.jpg?v=1763674785","url":"https:\/\/shop-qa.barnesandnoble.com\/products\/9780226741093","provider":"Barnes \u0026 Noble (DEV)","version":"1.0","type":"link"}