{"product_id":"9780312219932","title":"Democratization in Russia under Gorbachev, 1985-91: The Birth of a Voluntary Sector","description":"\u003cp\u003eSelf-help organizations and charities were the least-studied pressure groups to emerge during \u003ci\u003eperestroika\u003c\/i\u003e. This book examines the social exclusion experienced before 1985 by non-working citizens; studies the pre-1985 disabled people's movement and its numerous unofficial, but non-dissident organizations; discusses why the Gorbachev leadership adopted the non-Soviet concept of \"charity;\" analyzes the failure of local authorities after 1985 to stave off pluralism and defeat the voluntary organizations; and assesses how successfully the latter built the foundations of a civil society.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Palgrave Macmillan UK","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47010008760560,"sku":"9780312219932","price":165.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0737\/7593\/9824\/files\/9780312219932_p0.jpg?v=1763676013","url":"https:\/\/shop-qa.barnesandnoble.com\/products\/9780312219932","provider":"Barnes \u0026 Noble (DEV)","version":"1.0","type":"link"}