{"product_id":"9780796924872","title":"The Congress Movement: ICU, ANC, Cp Congress Movement","description":"\u003ci\u003eThe Congress Movement\u003c\/i\u003e, based on primary and secondary sources including some 80 interviews dating back to the early 1960s, uniquely combines narrative and analysis. Volume 2 examines the intricate development of the ICU and the ANC in the second half of the 1920s. Various trends of reformism and radicalism affected these two organizations. This later led to the beginning of the breakup of the ICU with the secession of the Natal contingent, in part under the influence of a narrow ethnic Zulu nationalism. The breakwaway also took place in the wake of an important phase in which the ICU leaders had become identified with a peasant uprising on white-owned farms.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCONTENTS: \u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe ICU, LIBERALS, LABOURITES, AND BRITISH SOCIAL DEMOCRATS, 1926-28: RECONSTRUCTION OF SOUTH AFRICA'S SOCIOECONOMIC RELATIONS?\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Johannesburg Joint Council Liberals.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Problem of a United Front with Liberals and Labourites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Economic and Wage Commission: 1925–26.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Issue of the Extension of the Labour Legislation to African Workers: 1927–29.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Retreat of the JJC Liberals Begins.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Question of the Registration and Recognition of the ICU: 1924–mid-1928.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA New Phase Opens During 1928 in Regard to the ICU’s Status.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Reorganisation of the South African Trade Union Movement.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLabour and the Question of the Promotion of the Manufacturing Industry.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe ICU and the Economic and Wage Commission.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe ICU at the Time of Its 1926 Conference.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDevelopments in the British Labour Movement, Particularly From 1925 to 1927.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKadalie and the Labour Movement in Europe.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTHE AFRICAN MOVEMENT IN 1926-27: THE PROBLEM OF REFORMISM.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCongress Leaders Ensure That the ICU Decision for a Political Bureau is Dropped.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Weakening of the Position of the Radicals In and Around the ANC's 1926 Conference.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA Right Wing, Centering on Thema and Selby Msimang, Begins to Shape Up in the ANC.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe ANC's National Executive Committee Position 1926.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMahabane Returns from Overseas and the ANC's January 1927 Conference.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMahabane and the Franchise, First Half of 1927: The Convention of Chiefs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Response of Selope Thema and Richard Msimang to the Convention of Chiefs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSome Comments on the ICU's Group and Regional Profile.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Decline of the African Movement on the Rand.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMunicipal Locations Become Important Places for Organisational Activity.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhat Role Did the Shift of the ICU Axis to Natal Play in the Anticommunist Move?\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCHAMPION-KADALIE ALLIANCE, 1926-APRIL 1927: ANTI-COMMUNISM GATHERS PACE.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChampion's Birth and Childhood.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChampion Goes to Johannesburg: His Experience on the Mines and Role in the TNMCA.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChampion Joins the ICU.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChampion and the Economic and Wage Commission.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChampion and the Natal African Congress.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChampion's Early Activities in Natal.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChampion and the National ICU in Early 1926.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChampion's Methods in Natal Lead Him into Conflict With the Communists.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKadalie Challenges His Ban.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKadalie's Growing Financial Dependence on Champion.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLoosening of Central Control.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRising Tensions Between the ICU and the Communist Party.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Conflicts Become Centered in Johannesburg.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWas the Anti-Communist Move Directed Against La Guma?\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe ICU National Council Meeting: December 1926.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Communist Party Fails to Mobilize an Effective Opposition.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Reaction of Mbeki, 'Mote, and Khaile to the December NC Meeting.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Influence of JT Gumede on His Return from Brussels, April 1927.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe ICU's April 1927 Conference.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTHE LAND QUESTION COMES TO THE FORE, 1927-29: RURAL UPSURGE.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Question of Labour-Tenacy.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Native Administration Act: 1927.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Madeley Affair.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBalinger, the Liberals, and Rural Questions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Liberals, Kadalie, and the Pass Issue.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe ICU and the Rural Question: 1920–26.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Communists and the Land Question.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe ICU and the Land Question: mid-1926 to April 1927.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKadalie and the Land Question.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe ANC–ICU Relations in the Midst of the Revolt and Their Respective Attitudes to the Land Question.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Nature of the Upsurge.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eForms of Resistance.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCHAMPION BREAKS WITH THE NATIONAL ICU, 1928: RULE OF ZULU NATIONALISM.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChampion's Conference of Natal Chiefs: 1930.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKing Solomon's Contacts with the ANC and ICU: 1930.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChampion's Banishment, 1930: Its Connection to His Relations with the Zulu King.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChampion, the Durban Riots of 1929, and the Issue of a Location: The De Waal Enquiry.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNatal's Sugar Fraternity, JL Dube, and the Issue of a Durban Location.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChampion's Disappointment and His Banishment.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChampion, Dunn, and King Solomon's Domain, 1927–28.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChampion at the Helm.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKadalie Returns from His European Trip: November 1927.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe ICU National Council Meeting: November 1927.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe ICU Special Congress, Kimberley: December 1927.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKadalie Moves Against Champion: January 1928 Council Meeting.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe ICU Annual Conference: April 1928.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe ANC's Convention of Chiefs, April 1928, and Zulu Nationalism.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecession.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Impotence of the ICU's Radical Nationalists.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBallinger Fails to Heal the Split.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e","brand":"HSRC 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