{"product_id":"9780796924889","title":"The Congress Movement: ICU, ANC, Cp Congress Alliance","description":"\u003ci\u003eThe Congress Movement\u003c\/i\u003e, based on primary and secondary sources including some 80 interviews dating back to the early 1960s, uniquely combines narrative and analysis. Volume 3 explores how the ANC emerges and stps into its primary role as a national liberation movement resulting from a complex process stretching from the 1920s to the beginning of the 1960s. A key theme in this context is the integral role of the then Congress Youth League leaders such as Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu, and Oliver Tambo.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCONTENTS: \u003cbr\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSEARCHING FOR THE ADEQUATE FORM OF THE UNITED FRONT, 1928–34: THREATS TO THE AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS'S PRIMARY ROLE.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThreats to the African National Congress's Primary Role.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe ANC–ICU 1928 Decision to Cooperate: With an Anti-Communist Rider: Issue of Passes, 1928–30.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eWhat Kind of Organisation Was the LAR?\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eMahabane Takes the Lead in Calling for an African Convention.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eMahabane's Policy of a Black–White Round Table and Declaration of Rights, 1929 ANC Conference.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe Communists' Attitude to Mahabane's Policies.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eMahabane and Communism, 1929.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eManeuvers to Dismantle the ANC’s Primary Role, 1926–30.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eGumede Loses the Congress Presidency.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePlans to Restructure the ANC on the Basis of Employees' Organisations: Ballinger's Role.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe Non-European Conference.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eAFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS AT THE TIME OF THE SEME PRESIDENCY, 1930–37: THE ORGANISATION'S CONGRESS CHARACTER IS ENDANGERED.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe Organisation's Congress Character is Endangered.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSeme's Political Positions at the Time of the Founding of the Congress.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe New Seme Constitution.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSeme and the Upper House at the Time of the Mahabane Presidency, 1937–40.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSeme, Business.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eFate of the Heaton Nicholls Initiative in the Framework of the Joint Select Committee.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eAfrican National Congress Leaders and the Nicholls Plan.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eState of the African National Congress in the First Half of the 1930s.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eLiberals Prime DDT Jabavu as African Leader on the Franchise Proposals.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCongress Leaders Call for an All-African Convention: The Regional Conferences.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe All-African Convention, 1935.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eManeuvers Around the \"Compromise\" of 1936.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThema, Dube, and Seme and the \"Compromise.\"\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSeme's Removal at the 1937 Conference: Mahabane Puts the African National Congress Back on Course.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTHE ALL-AFRICAN CONVENTION AND THE AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS, 1937–48: A FEDERAL OR UNITARY PRINCIPLE?\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eA Federal or Unitary Principle?\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eKadalie's Response to the All-African Convention.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eWas the All-African Convention a New Social Movement?\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe Communists' Attitude to the All-African Convention.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eReservations About the All-African Convention and Early Moves to Revive the African National Congress.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe All-African Convention Challenge is Defeated.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe ANC Adopts a New Constitution in 1943.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eXuma and the All-African Convention: Non-European Unity Movement, Including the \"Meeting of the 12 Leaders.\"\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTHE AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS UNDER ZUMA, 1940-49: TO WHAT EXTENT WAS IT A BREAK WITH A PREVIOUS ERA?\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eTo What Extent Was It a Break With the Previous Era?\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eWere Congress Councillors on the Native Representative Council Mandated by the ANC?\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDivision of Labor Between Z.K. Matthews and Xuma: The 1943 NRC Recess Committee on Representation.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eA New Phase Opens With Africans' Claims.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe Pass Campaign, 1943–46.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe Crisis Conditions of 1946.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eXuma, Congress, and Trade Unionism.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eXuma's Evidence to the Native Mine Wages Commission of 1943.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePrelude to the African Mine Workers' Strike.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe African Mine Workers' Strike, 1946.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe Communists and the Question of a Non-European Trade Union Federation.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eWhat Was Xuma's Attitude Towards the Mine Strike?\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eAdjournment of the Native Representative Council and the Smuts Proposals.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eXuma, the ANC, and the Boycott of the NRC.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eXuma and Organisation.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eGrowing Political Role of Indian Leaders.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe People's Assembly of 1948: Problems of the United Front.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePHASE OF THE PROGRAMME OF ACTION, 1948-50: A COMPLICATED HISTORICAL JUNCTURE.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eA Complicated Historical Juncture.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe ANC and the General Election of 1948.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eEmergence of the Youth League: What Was Its Strategy?\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe CYL's Programme for a New South Africa.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe Issue of a Programme of Action Prior to the ANC's 1948 Conference.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe ANC Annual Conference, December 1948, and a Programme of Action.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eEfforts to Draft a Programme of Action During 1949.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eResponse of the Communists to the Programme.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe Difficulties of Leading Youth Leaguers with the Defend Free Speech Convention, 1950.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSuppression of Communism Act: Mandela, Tambo, Sisulu Jettison Anti-Communism.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCHAMPION, MSIMANG, AND THEMA LEAVE THE AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS, 1951–1952: END OF AN ERA.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eEnd of an Era.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe CYL and Radical Democracy.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe CYL and Trade Unionism: The CYL’s Attitude to the ICU.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eKadalie's Last Years.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eChampion's Efforts to Secure the Role of \"Leader of Natal.\"\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eChampion's Growing Irritation with the ANC.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eNatal, the National Fund, the Afrikaner Nationalists, and the Zulu Royal House.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eAfrican–Indian Confrontation in Durban: The 1949 Riots.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eChampion's Attitude to the Youth Leaguers and to the Programme of Action.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eMsimang Turns Against Champion and Lutuli Takes Over the Natal Leadership.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe Baloyi Issue, Congress, and Afrikaner Nationalists.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eSelope Thema's Role in Congress, 1946–49.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThema in 1949.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eEstablishment of the National-Minded Bloc.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe National-Minded Bloc, Business, and \"Economic Independence.\"\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe Youth Leaguers and the National-Minded Bloc.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCommon Basis of Thema, Champion, and Msimang Leave the ANC.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDefiance Campaign, 1952. Xuma and the ANC, Late 1940s\/Early 1950s, Including His Attitude to the Defiance Campaign.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePostscript: How Did Xuma Come to Turn Against the ANC?\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eLUTULI AND MANDELA, 1952–61: THE MAHABANE HERITAGE.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe Mahabane Heritage.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe Problem of a United Front with the Liberal Party.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe ANC, the Liberal Party, and the COP.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eWhat Influences Shaped the Freedom Charter?\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe Land Shall Be Shared Among Those Who Work It.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eWhat Organisation or Organisational Framework Was Responsible for the Charter?\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eLutuli and the Freedom Charter.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe M-Plan: Preparation for Revolution?\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe M-Plan and the South African Congress of Trade Unions.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe 1958 ANC Constitution and the Question of Centralisation.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePolitical Orientation of the IDAMF.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eAll-in African Conference, October 1956.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eMultiracial Conference, December 1957: The Question of the Broad Front.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eProceedings of the Multiracial Conference.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eWas the Multiracial Conference Simply a Dead End?\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDialogue Continues.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eLiberal Party–ANC Relationship in the Late 1950s.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eThe PAC.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eWhy Did the ANC Leadership Prevaricate on the Issue of a Pass Campaign?\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eGrowing Lack of Confidence in the Method of Mass Campaigns.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCrisis Symptoms in the Economy.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\"Sharpeville\": Was it a Herald of Revolution or Counter-Revolution?\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eConceptual Considerations in Relation to the Call for a National Convention, 1960–61.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eConsultative Conference, December 1960, and All-in African Conference, March 1961.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cbr\u003e","brand":"HSRC Publishers","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47021107609840,"sku":"9780796924889","price":25.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0737\/7593\/9824\/files\/9780796924889_p0.jpg?v=1763668687","url":"https:\/\/shop-qa.barnesandnoble.com\/products\/9780796924889","provider":"Barnes \u0026 Noble (DEV)","version":"1.0","type":"link"}