{"product_id":"9780813938165","title":"Enlightenment Underground: Radical Germany, 1680-1720","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMartin Mulsow’s seismic reinterpretation of the origins of the     Enlightenment in Germany won awards and renown in its original German edition, and now H. C.     Erik Midelfort's translation makes this sensational book available to English-speaking readers.     In \u003ci\u003eEnlightenment Underground,\u003c\/i\u003e Mulsow shows that even in the late seventeenth     century some thinkers in Germany ventured to express extremely dangerous ideas, but did so as     part of a secret underground. Scouring manuscript collections across northern Europe, Mulsow     studied the writings of countless hitherto unknown radical jurists, theologians, historians, and     dissident students who pushed for the secularization of legal, political, social, and religious     knowledge. Often their works circulated in manuscript, anonymously, or as clandestinely     published books. \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWorking as a philosophical microhistorian, Mulsow has     discovered the identities of several covert radicals and linked them to circles of young German     scholars, many of whom were connected with the vibrant radical cultures of the Netherlands,     England, and Denmark. The author reveals how radical ideas and contributions to intellectual     doubt came from Socinians and Jews, church historians and biblical scholars, political     theorists, and unemployed university students. He shows that misreadings of humorous or ironic     works sometimes gave rise to unintended skeptical thoughts or corrosively political     interpretations of Christianity. This landmark book overturns stereotypical views of the early     Enlightenment in Germany as cautious, conservative, and moderate, and replaces them with a new     portrait that reveals a movement far more radical, unintended, and puzzling than previously     suspected.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"University of Virginia Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47069000794352,"sku":"9780813938165","price":35.49,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0737\/7593\/9824\/files\/9780813938165_p0.jpg?v=1763750620","url":"https:\/\/shop-qa.barnesandnoble.com\/products\/9780813938165","provider":"Barnes \u0026 Noble (DEV)","version":"1.0","type":"link"}