{"product_id":"9780896802278","title":"Cultivating Coffee: The Farmers of Carazo, Nicaragua, 1880-1930 (Research in International Studies Series)","description":"\u003cbr\u003eMany scholars of Latin America have argued that the introduction of coffee forced most people to become landless proletarians toiling on large plantations. \u003ci\u003eCultivating Coffee \u003c\/i\u003etells a different story: small and medium-sized growers in Nicaragua were a vital part of the economy, constituting the majority of the farmers and holding most of the land.\u003cp\u003eAlongside these small commercial farmers was a group of subsistence farmers, created by the state's commitment to supplying municipal lands to communities. These subsistence growers became the workforce for their coffee-growing neighbors, providing harvest labor three months a year. Mostly illiterate, perhaps largely indigenous, they nonetheless learned the functioning of the new political and economic systems and used them to acquire individual plots of land.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eJulie Charlip's \u003ci\u003eCultivating Coffee\u003c\/i\u003e joins the growing scholarship on rural Latin America that demonstrates the complexity of the processes of transition to expanded export agriculture in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, emphasizing the agency of actors at all levels of society. It also sheds new light on the controversy surrounding landholding in Nicaragua during the Sandinista revolution.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ohio University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47028164854000,"sku":"9780896802278","price":29.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0737\/7593\/9824\/files\/9780896802278_p0.gif?v=1763859130","url":"https:\/\/shop-qa.barnesandnoble.com\/products\/9780896802278","provider":"Barnes \u0026 Noble (DEV)","version":"1.0","type":"link"}