{"product_id":"9781456899011","title":"CORRUPTION AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA","description":"This study is, to the author's knowledge, the fi rst empirical  \u003cbr\u003ecross-country analysis of the relationship between corruption  \u003cbr\u003eand human development (HD) in Africa. In most African  \u003cbr\u003ecountries the current state of HD is critically poor. In spite  \u003cbr\u003eof two decades of democratization and substantial economic  \u003cbr\u003egrowth or stability corruption has become endemic and tends  \u003cbr\u003eto adversely affect HD conditions and needs. Using a pooledcross-  \u003cbr\u003esection-across time-design and a sample of 40 African  \u003cbr\u003ecountries over many years (2003 - 2007) and based on an OLS Analysis, this study  \u003cbr\u003eattempts an empirical examination of the association between corruption and HD  \u003cbr\u003ein Africa, while holding constant economic growth, government socioeconomic or  \u003cbr\u003ewelfare expenditures and political system and, controlling for some major internal  \u003cbr\u003eand external economic variables. As found, corruption adversely affects human  \u003cbr\u003edevelopment in Africa. Overall, based on the main study model (Model 1) a unit  \u003cbr\u003eincrease in the corruption level (CPI) on a scale of 1 to 10 will cause a .48 percent  \u003cbr\u003edecrease in the state of HD (HDI).The relationship between corruption and HD is  \u003cbr\u003ehowever non-linear: using Model 3 which incorporate a square term of corruption,  \u003cbr\u003eit was found that at and below 4.577 RCPI (i.e. 5.42 normal CPI) corruptions is  \u003cbr\u003elikely to positively affect HD whereas at and above 4.577 RCPI corruption rather  \u003cbr\u003etends to adversely affect HD with an increasing return. Besides, it was also found,  \u003cbr\u003eusing Model 2 which incorporates an interaction term of corruption and political  \u003cbr\u003esystem, that democratization has deceived scientists' theoretical projections and  \u003cbr\u003epeople's political expectations of the 1990s'. Democracy has not improved HD in  \u003cbr\u003eAfrica. Both non-and partly democratic (i.e., authoritarian) and democratic political  \u003cbr\u003esystems adversely affect HD. The adverse impact of corruption on HD is even worse  \u003cbr\u003ein the latter systems. After checking for the main effect (Model 2) it appears that, as  \u003cbr\u003ecorruption increases by one unit, HD decreases by 9.48 percent in African countries  \u003cbr\u003ewith authoritarian systems. In contrast , the same one unit increase in corruption  \u003cbr\u003ewill have an additional 5.23 percent decrease in the HD of African countries with a  \u003cbr\u003edemocratic system. This study brings new insights about public policies ineffectiveness  \u003cbr\u003eand failures to satisfy increasing HD needs in Africa. It throws new lights on the  \u003cbr\u003erelationship existing between economic growth, democracy and corruption and HD.  \u003cbr\u003eIt suggests some policy reforms which could improve the state of HD in Africa.  \u003cbr\u003eOverall, it is an important contribution to the theoretical and empirical body of  \u003cbr\u003eadministrative theory and knowledge.","brand":"Xlibris Corporation","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47156550729968,"sku":"9781456899011","price":9.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0737\/7593\/9824\/files\/9781456899011_p0.jpg?v=1763863874","url":"https:\/\/shop-qa.barnesandnoble.com\/products\/9781456899011","provider":"Barnes \u0026 Noble (DEV)","version":"1.0","type":"link"}