{"product_id":"9781493946716","title":"Fundamental Tests of Physics with Optically Trapped Microspheres","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eFundamental Tests of Physics with Optically Trapped Microspheres \u003c\/i\u003edetails experiments on studying the Brownian motion of an optically trapped microsphere with ultrahigh resolution and the cooling of its motion towards the quantum ground state. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eGlass microspheres were trapped in water, air, and vacuum with optical tweezers; and a detection system that can monitor the position of a trapped microsphere with Angstrom spatial resolution and microsecond temporal resolution was developed to study the Brownian motion of a trapped microsphere in air over a wide range of pressures. The instantaneous velocity of a Brownian particle, in particular, was studied for the very first time, and the results provide direct verification of the Maxwell-Boltzmann velocity distribution and the energy equipartition theorem for a Brownian particle. For short time scales, the ballistic regime of Brownian motion is observed, in contrast to the usual diffusive regime. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn vacuum, active feedback is used to cool the center-of-mass motion of an optically trapped microsphere from room temperature to a minimum temperature of about 1.5 mK. This is an important step toward studying the quantum behaviors of a macroscopic particle trapped in vacuum.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Springer New York","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47048734507248,"sku":"9781493946716","price":109.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0737\/7593\/9824\/files\/9781493946716_p0.jpg?v=1763664609","url":"https:\/\/shop-qa.barnesandnoble.com\/products\/9781493946716","provider":"Barnes \u0026 Noble (DEV)","version":"1.0","type":"link"}