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What Is Psychoanalysis?
What Is Psychoanalysis?
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INTRODUCTION
The origin and purpose of this book may be stated in a few words. From time to time physicians, clergymen, social workers and laymen have made certain enquiries concerning psychoanalysis, with particular reference to its aim and purpose and its field of usefulness as a therapeutic procedure. These questions were recorded and the answers planned, partly on the basis of the theory of psychoanalysis and partly in the meeting of certain objections and criticisms which were made at the time the questions were answered. Much of this data is incorporated in the present little volume.
The answers to these questions, while explaining psychoanalysis, have at the same time provided suggestions for mental hygiene and character formation. It is hoped that this volume will answer satisfactorily the various enquiries which puzzle people in a scientific field so new and epoch-making and so little understood as that of psychoanalysis. The nature of the book renders a little repetition necessary and unavoidable. The neuroses are the most distressing and frequent of human ills, and to a greater degree than physical diseases, they lead to social inefficiency. In severe bodily disorders, the patient can utilize his inner resources for compensation and consolation, but in the neuroses he is robbed of these resources, since the mind is torn by emotional conflicts. It is here that psychoanalysis is most efficacious, because it brings relief from within, from the inner resources of the sufferer. Psychoanalysis is recognized to-day as the most important advance in methods of a rational and scientific psychotherapy. It is applicable to all nervous disorders of mental
***
An excerpt from the beginning of:
WHAT IS PSYCHOANALYSIS?
Arranged In Questions And Answers
Q. What is psychoanalysis?
A. Psychoanalysis is the most recent and advanced therapeutic^ procedure for the treatment of the neuroses. It is what its name implies, an analysis of the mind. Other psychotherapeutic methods deal only with the superficial manifestations of the neuroses and therefore cannot produce a fundamental cure. Psychoanalysis concerns itself primarily with the cause of symptoms, with their real underlying mechanism. It not only penetrates into the origin of symptoms, but the analysis at the same time is the treatment.
It is a study of man's unconscious motives and desires as shown in various nervous disturbances and in certain manifestations of every-day life in normal individuals. It has been demonstrated that the manifold symptoms of the neuroses result from unfulfilled desires, often extending back to the earliest years of childhood. These desires not only influence the formation of character traits, but likewise are responsible for many forms of nervous illness.
Q. Where and under what conditions did psychoanalysis originate?
A. The evolution of psychoanalysis forms an interesting chapter in the history of medicine. It was in 1881 that Freud, in association with Breuer of Vienna, whose name is well known for his researches on the physiology of the semicircular canals, started to treat a young woman who was .suffering from hysteria. The usual means were tried in vain, until it was found that the facts offered by the patient in explanation of her condition represented only a part of the history. This was not due to a deliberate attempt on the part of the patient to conceal her medical antecedents, but as it later developed, to an unconscious repression, because the emotional state which was a part of these concealed facts represented painful experiences. Finally by a procedure, which later developed into the refinements of the psychoanalytic method, many hidden experiences of the past with their attached emotions were brought to light, and it was shown that it was these experiences which caused the hysterical condition. These memories, although buried in the unconscious, were active and living forces, and only when they were lived over again did a cure take place. They were not merely forgotten but repressed, although unconsciously so, and it was only when this repression was overcome that the patient began to improve.
At first hypnosis was employed to revive the forgotten memories, but later it was discovered that hypnosis was not necessary in psychoanalysis, and since then its use has been abandoned. In 1895 Breuer and Freud published their studies on the mechanism of hysteria, in which it was shown that the hysterical symptoms arose from reminiscences unknown to and forgotten by the sufferer. They demonstrated that the forgetting was a purposeful act, in the same way that a normal individual conveniently "forgets" the unpleasant experiences of one's life.....
The origin and purpose of this book may be stated in a few words. From time to time physicians, clergymen, social workers and laymen have made certain enquiries concerning psychoanalysis, with particular reference to its aim and purpose and its field of usefulness as a therapeutic procedure. These questions were recorded and the answers planned, partly on the basis of the theory of psychoanalysis and partly in the meeting of certain objections and criticisms which were made at the time the questions were answered. Much of this data is incorporated in the present little volume.
The answers to these questions, while explaining psychoanalysis, have at the same time provided suggestions for mental hygiene and character formation. It is hoped that this volume will answer satisfactorily the various enquiries which puzzle people in a scientific field so new and epoch-making and so little understood as that of psychoanalysis. The nature of the book renders a little repetition necessary and unavoidable. The neuroses are the most distressing and frequent of human ills, and to a greater degree than physical diseases, they lead to social inefficiency. In severe bodily disorders, the patient can utilize his inner resources for compensation and consolation, but in the neuroses he is robbed of these resources, since the mind is torn by emotional conflicts. It is here that psychoanalysis is most efficacious, because it brings relief from within, from the inner resources of the sufferer. Psychoanalysis is recognized to-day as the most important advance in methods of a rational and scientific psychotherapy. It is applicable to all nervous disorders of mental
***
An excerpt from the beginning of:
WHAT IS PSYCHOANALYSIS?
Arranged In Questions And Answers
Q. What is psychoanalysis?
A. Psychoanalysis is the most recent and advanced therapeutic^ procedure for the treatment of the neuroses. It is what its name implies, an analysis of the mind. Other psychotherapeutic methods deal only with the superficial manifestations of the neuroses and therefore cannot produce a fundamental cure. Psychoanalysis concerns itself primarily with the cause of symptoms, with their real underlying mechanism. It not only penetrates into the origin of symptoms, but the analysis at the same time is the treatment.
It is a study of man's unconscious motives and desires as shown in various nervous disturbances and in certain manifestations of every-day life in normal individuals. It has been demonstrated that the manifold symptoms of the neuroses result from unfulfilled desires, often extending back to the earliest years of childhood. These desires not only influence the formation of character traits, but likewise are responsible for many forms of nervous illness.
Q. Where and under what conditions did psychoanalysis originate?
A. The evolution of psychoanalysis forms an interesting chapter in the history of medicine. It was in 1881 that Freud, in association with Breuer of Vienna, whose name is well known for his researches on the physiology of the semicircular canals, started to treat a young woman who was .suffering from hysteria. The usual means were tried in vain, until it was found that the facts offered by the patient in explanation of her condition represented only a part of the history. This was not due to a deliberate attempt on the part of the patient to conceal her medical antecedents, but as it later developed, to an unconscious repression, because the emotional state which was a part of these concealed facts represented painful experiences. Finally by a procedure, which later developed into the refinements of the psychoanalytic method, many hidden experiences of the past with their attached emotions were brought to light, and it was shown that it was these experiences which caused the hysterical condition. These memories, although buried in the unconscious, were active and living forces, and only when they were lived over again did a cure take place. They were not merely forgotten but repressed, although unconsciously so, and it was only when this repression was overcome that the patient began to improve.
At first hypnosis was employed to revive the forgotten memories, but later it was discovered that hypnosis was not necessary in psychoanalysis, and since then its use has been abandoned. In 1895 Breuer and Freud published their studies on the mechanism of hysteria, in which it was shown that the hysterical symptoms arose from reminiscences unknown to and forgotten by the sufferer. They demonstrated that the forgetting was a purposeful act, in the same way that a normal individual conveniently "forgets" the unpleasant experiences of one's life.....
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