Artistic Anatomy of Animals

CONTENTS


INTRODUCTION

PAGE

GENERALITIES OF COMPARATIVE ANATOMY 1


CHAPTER I

OSTEOLOGY AND ARTHROLOGY:

THE TRUNK 4
THE POSTERIOR LIMBS 78
THE POSTERIOR LIMBS IN SOME ANIMALS 90
THE SKULL OF BIRDS 127


CHAPTER II

MYOLOGY:

THE MUSCLES OF THE TRUNK 131
MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR LIMBS 162
MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR LIMBS 200
MUSCLES OF THE HEAD 232


CHAPTER III

EPIDERMIC PRODUCTS OF THE EXTREMITIES OF THE FORE AND HIND LIMBS 247


CHAPTER IV

PROPORTIONS

PROPORTIONS OF THE HEAD OF THE HORSE 273


CHAPTER V

THE PACES OF THE HORSE 282




LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS


FIG. PAGE

1. A HUMAN SKELETON IN THE ATTITUDE OF A QUADRUPED, TO GIVE A
GENERAL IDEA OF THE POSITION OF THE BONES IN OTHER
VERTEBRATES 5
2. SIZE OF THE ATLAS COMPARED WITH THE TRANSVERSE DIMENSIONS OF
THE CORRESPONDING PARTS OF THE SKULL IN MAN 7
3. SIZE OF THE ATLAS COMPARED WITH THE TRANSVERSE DIMENSIONS OF
THE CORRESPONDING REGIONS OF THE SKULL IN A DOG 8
4. LUMBAR VERTEBRÆ OF A QUADRUPED (THE HORSE): SUPERIOR SURFACE 9
5. A TRANSVERSE SECTION OF THE THORAX OF A MAN PLACED
VERTICALLY--THAT IS TO SAY, IN THE DIRECTION WHICH IT WOULD
ASSUME IN A MAN PLACED IN THE ATTITUDE OF A QUADRUPED (A
DIAGRAMMATIC FIGURE) 13
6. A VERTICAL SECTION OF THE THORAX OF A QUADRUPED
(DIAGRAMMATIC) 14
7. STERNUM OF A BIRD (THE COCK): LEFT SIDE, EXTERNAL SURFACE 17
8. ANTERIOR LIMB OF THE BAT: LEFT SIDE, ANTERIOR SURFACE 20
9. ANTERIOR LIMB OF THE SEAL: LEFT SIDE, EXTERNAL SURFACE 21
10. SITUATION AND DIRECTION OF THE SCAPULA IN THE HUMAN BEING,
THE TRUNK BEING HORIZONTAL, AS IN QUADRUPEDS. VERTICAL AND
TRANSVERSE SECTION OF THE THORAX (DIAGRAMMATIC FIGURE) 22
11. POSITION AND DIRECTION OF THE SCAPULA IN QUADRUPEDS.
VERTICAL AND TRANSVERSE SECTION OF THE THORAX (DIAGRAMMATIC
FIGURE) 22
12. LEFT SCAPULA OF THE HUMAN BEING, POSTERIOR SURFACE, PLACED
IN THE POSITION WHICH IT WOULD OCCUPY IN THE SKELETON OF A
QUADRUPED 23
13. LEFT SCAPULA OF A HORSE: EXTERNAL SURFACE 23
14. VERTICAL AND TRANSVERSE SECTION, AT THE SITE OF THE
SHOULDERS, OF THE THORAX OF THE HORSE (DIAGRAMMATIC FIGURE) 24
15. VERTICAL AND TRANSVERSE SECTION, AT THE PLANE OF THE
SHOULDERS, OF THE THORAX OF THE DOG (DIAGRAMMATIC FIGURE) 24
16. LEFT CLAVICLE OF THE CAT: SUPERIOR SURFACE (NATURAL SIZE) 26
17. CLAVICLE OF THE DOG (NATURAL SIZE) 26
18. SKELETON OF THE SHOULDER OF A BIRD (VULTURE): ANTERO-
EXTERNAL VIEW OF THE LEFT SIDE 27
19. INFERIOR EXTREMITY OF THE LEFT HUMERUS OF A FELIDÆ (LION) 31
20. INFERIOR EXTREMITY OF THE LEFT HUMAN HUMERUS, SHOWING THE
PRESENCE OF A SUPRATROCHLEAR PROCESS 31
21. SKELETON OF A BIRD (VULTURE): LEFT SURFACE 33
22. THE HUMAN HAND RESTING FOR ITS WHOLE EXTENT ON ITS PALMAR
SURFACE: LEFT SIDE, EXTERNAL SURFACE 35
23. THE HUMAN HAND RESTING ON ITS PHALANGES: LEFT SIDE, EXTERNAL
SURFACE 36
24. THE HUMAN HAND RESTING ON THE TIPS OF SOME OF ITS THIRD
PHALANGES: LEFT SIDE, EXTERNAL VIEW 36
25. SUPERIOR EXTREMITY OF THE BONES OF THE HUMAN FOREARM: LEFT
SIDE, SUPERIOR SURFACE 39
26. SUPERIOR EXTREMITY OF THE BONES OF THE FOREARM OF A DOG:
LEFT LIMB, SUPERIOR SURFACE 39