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New York, The Macmillan company; London, Macmillan & co. ltd.
Labor problems; a text book
Labor problems; a text book
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This is an OCR edition with typos.
Excerpt from book:
CHAPTER II WOMAN AND CHILD LABOR Out of the industrial revolution and the transition from domestic to factory industry arose, as one of the earliest and most serious evils of the modern wage system, the problem of woman and child labor. With the changes in methods of. production which removed the traditional occupations of women from the home, they themselves were forced into wage labor in factories, while with the introduction of light running machinery young children were put to productive and profitable use. In general, it may be said that the apparent increase in laboring women is largely a matter of adjustment to changed industrial conditions. Women are to a great extent supplying the same needs that they have always supplied, but they are now receiving wages and are working outside of the home. There is, however, a certain amount of true enlargement of womam's sphere of activity, due to the increased productivity of machinery and to the fact that many of her previous occupations were those in which human wants are least capable of expansionthe satisfaction of the common needs of physical existence. The oversupply of women in their traditional lines of activity has forced many of them into "H occupations, often in competition with men. This competition is the economic evil of woman's labor, while the social evil is the effect upon the women themselves and upon the home. Both evils are relative. Child labor, on the other hand, is generally acknowledged to be an irreparable injury to the children and to society at large. Bodies and minds are stunted and deformed; crime, violence and all of the social evils which spring from a brutalized population are fostered; and the total industrial efficiency of the individual is immeasurably lessened. 1. Historic Condition...
This is an OCR edition with typos.
Excerpt from book:
CHAPTER II WOMAN AND CHILD LABOR Out of the industrial revolution and the transition from domestic to factory industry arose, as one of the earliest and most serious evils of the modern wage system, the problem of woman and child labor. With the changes in methods of. production which removed the traditional occupations of women from the home, they themselves were forced into wage labor in factories, while with the introduction of light running machinery young children were put to productive and profitable use. In general, it may be said that the apparent increase in laboring women is largely a matter of adjustment to changed industrial conditions. Women are to a great extent supplying the same needs that they have always supplied, but they are now receiving wages and are working outside of the home. There is, however, a certain amount of true enlargement of womam's sphere of activity, due to the increased productivity of machinery and to the fact that many of her previous occupations were those in which human wants are least capable of expansionthe satisfaction of the common needs of physical existence. The oversupply of women in their traditional lines of activity has forced many of them into "H occupations, often in competition with men. This competition is the economic evil of woman's labor, while the social evil is the effect upon the women themselves and upon the home. Both evils are relative. Child labor, on the other hand, is generally acknowledged to be an irreparable injury to the children and to society at large. Bodies and minds are stunted and deformed; crime, violence and all of the social evils which spring from a brutalized population are fostered; and the total industrial efficiency of the individual is immeasurably lessened. 1. Historic Condition...