The History Of Sacerdotal Celibacy In The Christian Church, Volume 2

CONTENTS VOLUME II
XXIV. THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY
Demoralisation of the sacerdotal body 1
1418 Futile efforts of the Council of Constance 3
1422 Efforts of Martin V. 6
Undiminished conniption and symptoms of revolt 7
1423 -- 1430 The Council of Basle attempts a reform 10
Impotence of the Basilian canons -- Venality of the papal court 13
1484--1500 Condition of the Church in Italy, France, England, Spain, Germany, and Hungary 15
1486 Relaxation of monastic discipline 22
1476 John of Nicklaushausen 24
Sacerdotal marriage advocated as a remedy 27
1479 John of Oberwesel 28
1485 Heresy of Jean Laillier 29
XXV. THE REFORMATION IN GERMANY
Irreverential spirit of the sixteenth century 31
1510 Complaints of the Germans against the Church 32
Immobility of the Church 33
Popular movement -- Luther and Erasmus 35
1518 Official opposition to the abuses of the Church 37
1517 -- 1520 Luther neglects the question of celibacy -- his gradual progress 39
1521 First examples of sacerdotal marriage 42
Approved by Carlostadt -- Disapproved by Luther 43
1522 Zwingli demands sacerdotal marriage -- Luther adopt; it 45
1523 Efforts of the Church to repress the movement 47
Popular approbation-- Protection in high quarters 49
1523 -- 1524 Emancipation of nuns and monks 50
1525 Marriage of Luther 51
Causes of popular acquiescence in the change 53
Extreme immorality of the clergy -- Papal Dispensations 54
Admitted by the Catholics to justify heresy 56
1522 -- 1526 Erasmus advocates clerical marriage 61
Assistance from ambition of temporal princes 62
1530 Efforts at reunion -- Confession of Augsburg 64
Failure of reconciliation -- League of Schmalkalden 67
The Anabaptists 68
1532 -- 1540 Partial toleration -- Difficulties concerning the Abbey lands 70
1541 Attempt at reconciliation 71
1548 The Interim -- Sacerdotal marriage tolerated 73
1552 The Reformation established by the Transaction of Passau 75
XXVI. THE ANGLICAN CHURCH
Conservative tendencies of England 77
1500--1523 John Colet and Sir Thomas More 78
1524 Difficulties of the situation -- Wolsey undertakes the destruction of monachism 81
1528 General suppression of the smaller houses 83
1532 Henry VIII.'s quarrel with Rome 85
1535 General visitation of monasteries, and suppression of most of them 86
Popular opinions -- The Beggars' Petition 90
1536 Popular discontent -- The Pilgrimage of Grace 94
1537 -- 1546 Final suppression of the religious houses and foundations 95
Fate of their inmates 101
1535 -- 1541 Irish monastic establishments destroyed 102
Henry still insists on celibacy 107
Efforts to procure its relaxation 108
1537 Uncertainty of the subject in the public mind 109
1539 Henry's firmness -- Act of the Six Articles 111
Persecution of the married clergy 112
1540 Modification of the Six Articles 115
1547 Accession of Edward VI. -- Repeal of the Six Articles 116
1548 -- 1549 Full liberty of marriage accorded to the clergy 118
Armed opposition of the people 119
1552 Adoption of the Forty- two Articles 121
Difficulty of removing popular convictions 122
1553 Accession of Queen Mary -- Legislation of Edward repealed 123
1554 The married clergy separated and deprived 124
Suffering of the clergy in consequence 128
England reconciled to Rome -- Church lands not recalled 129
1555 Cardinal Pole's Legatine Constitutions 132
1557 More stringent legislation required -- Revival of the old troubles 133
1558 Accession of Queen Elizabeth 135
1559 Delay in authorismg marriage -- Uncertainty of the married clergy 137
Elizabeth yields but imposes degrading restrictions on clerical marriage 139
1563 Thirty-nine Articles -- Increased emphasis of permission to marry 140
Elizabeth maintains her prejudices 141
Disrepute of sacerdotal marriage -- Evil effects on the Anglican clergy 145
XXVII. CALVINISM
1512 Lefevre d'Etaples 150
1559--1640 The Huguenot Churches 151
The Reformation in Scotland 1 54
Corruption of the Scottish Church in the sixteenth century 155
1542 -- 1559 Efforts at internal reform -- their fruitlessness 158
Marriage assumed, as a matter of course by the Protestants 160
Temporal motives assisting the Reformation 161
Poverty of the Scottish Church establishment 163
Influence of celibacy on the struggle 1 66
1560 No formal recognition of clerical marriage thought necessary 169
XXVIII. THE COUNCIL OF TRENT
1524 -- 1536 Efforts at internal reform 171
Universal demand for a general council -- Convoked at Mantua in 1536 179
1542 -- 1547 Assembles at Trent -- it labours to separate, not to reunite the churches 180
1551 -- 1552 Reassembles at Trent -- is again broken up 181
1562 Again assembles for the last time 182
1536 Paul III. essays an internal reform without result 18