Line and Form

Chapter i

Origin and Function of Outline - Silhouette - Definition of Boundaries by - Power of Characterization by - Formation of Letters - Methods of Drawing in Line - The Progressive Method - The Calligraphic Method - The Tentative Method - The Japanese Direct Brush Method - The Oval Method - The Rectangular Method - Quality of Line - Linear Expression of Movement - Textures - Emotion - Scale of Linear Expression.

Chapter ii

The Language of Line - Dialects - Comparison of the Style of various Artists in Line - Scale of Degrees in Line - Picture Writing - Relation of Line to Form - Two Paths - The Graphic Purpose - Aspect - The Ornamental Purpose - Typical Treatment or Convention - Rhythm - Linear Plans in Pattern Designing - Wall-paper Design - Controlling Forms - Memory - Evolution in Design - Variety in Unity - Counterbalance - Linear Logic - Recurring Line and Form - Principle of Radiation - Range and Use of Line.

Chapter iii

Of the Choice and Use of Line - Degree and Emphasis - Influence of the Photograph - The Value of Emphasis - The Technical Influence - The Artistic Purpose - Influence of Material and Tools - Brush-work - Charcoal - Pencil - Pen.

Chapter iv

Of the Choice of Form - Elementary Forms - Space-filling - Grouping - Analogies of Form - Typical Forms of Ornament - Ornamental Units - Equivalents in Form - Quantities in Design - Contrast - Value of Variations of Similar or Allied Forms - Use of the Human Figure and Animal Forms in Ornamental Design.

Chapter v

Of the Influence of Controlling Lines, Boundaries, Spaces, and Plans in Designing - Origin of Geometric Decorative Spaces and Panels in Architecture - Value of Recurring Line - Tradition - Extension - Adaptability - Geometric Structural Plans - Frieze and Field - Ceiling Decoration - Co-operative Relation.

Chapter vi

Of the Fundamental Essentials of Design: Line, Form, Space - Principles of Structural and Ornamental Line in Organic Forms - Form and Mass in Foliage - Roofs - The Mediæval City - Organic and Accidental Beauty - Composition: Formal and Informal - Power of Linear Expression - Relation of Masses and Lines - Principles of Harmonious Composition.

Chapter vii

Of the Relief of Form - Three Methods - Contrast - Light and Shade, and Modelling - The Use of Contrast and Planes in Pattern Designing - Decorative Relief - Simple Linear Contrast - Relief by Linear Shading - Different Emphasis in relieving Form by Shading Lines - Relief by means of Light and Shade alone without Outline - Photographic Projection - Relief by different Planes and Contrasts of Concave and Convex Surfaces in Architectural Mouldings - Modelled Relief - Decorative Use of Light and Shade, and different Planes in Modelling and Carving - Egyptian System of Relief Sculpture - Greek and Gothic Architectural Sculpture, influenced by Structural and Ornamental Feeling - Sculptural Tombs, Medals, Coins, Gems - Florentine Fifteenth-century Reliefs - Desideriodi Settignano.

Chapter viii

Of the Expression of Relief in Line-drawing - Graphic Aim and Ornamental Aim - Superficial Appearance and Constructive Reality - Accidents and Essentials - Representation and Suggestion of Natural Form in Design - The Outward Vision and the Inner Vision.

Chapter ix

Of the Adaptation of Line and Form in Design, in various materials and methods - Mural Decoration - Fresco-work of the Italian Painters - Modern Mural Work - Mural Spacing and pattern Plans - Scale - The Skirting - The Dado - Field of the Wall - The Frieze - Panelling - Tapestry - Textile Design - Persian Carpets - Effect of Texture on Colour - Prints - Wall-paper - Stained Glass...